Best Subjects under STEM for grade 10, 11 & 12
STEM stands for science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Irrespective of learners preferred pathways, they are supposed to take four (4) core subjects from Grade 10.
They are then required to select three (3) subjects from the selected pathway. The three Pathways are:
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).
Arts and Sports Science
Social Sciences
STEM pathway will be key for learners after school career. Here, we have chosen the best subjects which will benefit learners more from the STEM pathway.
- BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION
Building and Construction equips learners with knowledge on matters construction. Learners who pursue Building and Construction can later become;
- Construction Manager
- Oversees the entire construction project from planning to completion.
- Coordinates workers, subcontractors, and suppliers.
- Manages project budget and timelines.
- Ensures compliance with safety and legal regulations.
- Solves on-site issues and maintains work quality.
- Civil Engineer
- Designs and supervises large infrastructure and building projects.
- Plans roads, bridges, buildings, and water systems.
- Analyzes soil, loads, and materials.
- Ensures structural safety, sustainability, and functionality.
- Works with architects and contractors during construction.
- Architect
- Designs buildings and structures to be functional, safe, and aesthetically pleasing.
- Prepares building plans and 3D models.
- Meets client needs while following regulations.
- Coordinates design with engineers and contractors.
- Ensures the design blends well with the environment.
- Structural Engineer
- Ensures buildings and structures can withstand forces and loads.
- Calculates structural integrity (wind, weight, seismic).
- Designs columns, beams, foundations, etc.
- Advises on materials like concrete and steel.
- Inspects construction to ensure structural safety.
- Construction Worker
- Performs physical tasks in construction based on assigned duties.
- Digging, lifting, laying bricks or concrete.
- Operating tools and machines.
- Assisting skilled tradesmen like carpenters or masons.
- Following safety and site protocols.
- Quantity Surveyor
- Manages the costs and finances of a construction project.
- Prepares Bills of Quantities (BQ).
- Estimates and controls costs to avoid overspending.
- Advises on contracts and payments.
- Monitors material usage and cost fluctuations.
- Building Inspector
- Checks construction sites to ensure compliance with codes and standards.
- Conducts safety and quality inspections.
- Verifies structural, electrical, and plumbing work.
- Issues approvals or correction orders.
- Ensures adherence to building codes and regulations.
- Site Supervisor
- Oversees daily operations at the construction site.
- Supervises workers and subcontractors.
- Ensures materials and tools are available.
- Reports progress to the site manager.
- Enforces health and safety regulations.
- Estimator
- Calculates how much a construction project will cost.
- Analyzes drawings and specifications.
- Determines quantities of materials and labor needed.
- Prepares cost breakdowns for bidding and budgeting.
- Works with quantity surveyors and project managers.
- Bricklayer
- Lays bricks, blocks, or stones to build walls and other structures.
- Builds walls, partitions, and arches.
- Mixes and applies mortar.
- Reads blueprints and measures accurately.
- Repairs damaged brickwork.
Assuming the learner does not proceed with education after grade 12, he/she can employ himself/herself because the skilled gained in those 3 years are enough to see a construction project through from site investigation to the completion of the project. Learners by the end of grade 12 will be able to do all the activities for each of the professionals listed above.
2. MEDIA TECHNOLOGY
The world is evolving so fast. Technology is the talk of the modern days. Even at our homes, technology is present, the use of Mobile phones, and other technological tools are in use. Although it can be used negatively, if well used can be beneficial. 10% of Kenyans are working online from their comfort courtesy of Technology. If learners can be engaged from grade 10, by the end of grade 12 they can be able to employ themselves as well as work in different companies as they will have adequate skills.
Learners pursuing this subject can become;
Multimedia Producer
Plans and manages multimedia content creation (video, audio, animation).
Leads creative teams and schedules production.
Works on ads, films, educational content, and social media.
Video Editor
Cuts, arranges, and enhances raw video footage.
Adds effects, transitions, sound, and titles.
Works on films, ads, YouTube videos, etc.
Audio Engineer
Records, edits, and mixes sound for music, film, or broadcast.
Controls audio levels, clarity, and effects.
Sets up microphones and studio equipment.
Animation Specialist
Creates 2D or 3D animated graphics and characters.
Works on cartoons, games, explainer videos, and simulations.
Uses software like Blender, Maya, or After Effects.
Broadcast Technician
Sets up and operates equipment for radio/TV broadcasts.
Ensures signal quality and resolves technical issues.
Manages live broadcasts and studio systems.
Video Journalist
Shoots, edits, and reports news stories solo.
Combines journalism with camera operation and editing.
Produces content for TV and digital media.
Podcast Producer
Plans, records, edits, and publishes podcasts.
Coordinates guests, writes scripts, and manages platforms.
Handles sound design and audience engagement.
Game Designer/Developer
Designs game mechanics, rules, levels, and stories.
Codes games using engines like Unity or Unreal.
Tests for bugs and ensures user engagement.
VR/AR Developer
Builds immersive Virtual/Augmented Reality experiences.
Programs interactivity for gaming, training, or education.
Uses Unity, Unreal, and 3D modeling tools.
Mobile App Developer
Develops apps for Android and iOS platforms.
Codes user interfaces, features, and functionality.
Tests, debugs, and updates applications.
Web Developer
Builds and maintains websites and web apps.
Front-end developers focus on layout/design.
Back-end developers handle databases and servers.
UI/UX Designer
UI: Designs the visual layout of apps/websites.
UX: Ensures ease of use and a smooth user experience.
Conducts research, prototyping, and usability testing.
Digital Marketer
Promotes brands via digital channels (social, email, web).
Runs online campaigns, SEO/SEM, and Google ads.
Analyzes performance data for strategy improvement.
Social Media Manager
Manages social media accounts for brands.
Creates and schedules content, engages followers.
Tracks analytics and trends to boost reach.
SEO Specialist
Optimizes websites to rank higher on search engines.
Conducts keyword research and improves site content.
Builds backlinks and monitors traffic using tools like Google Analytics.
Film & TV Producer
Oversees film/TV production from script to screen.
Manages budget, casting, crew, and post-production.
Ensures creative and financial success of projects.
VFX Artist
Creates realistic visual effects (explosions, CGI, creatures).
Works in post-production using tools like After Effects, Nuke.
Blends digital elements into live-action footage.
Media Systems Engineer
Designs and maintains technical systems for media production.
Supports hardware/software for studios and broadcasters.
Troubleshoots technical media workflows.
Cloud Media Specialist
Manages storage and delivery of media via cloud platforms.
Supports video streaming, remote editing, and archiving.
Uses services like AWS, Azure, and cloud encoding tools.
AI & Automation Specialist
Develops AI solutions for media (auto-editing, recommendations).
Automates repetitive tasks in production workflows.
Integrates machine learning into creative tools.
3. ELECTRICITY
This subject equips learners with knowledge required to plan, install, test, commission, maintain and repair different types of electrical installations as well as managing sites. The installation types range from domestic, commercial, industrial, horticultural, agricultural electrical installations to generator, motor, water boiling and solar. Learners who pursue this subject can become;
Electrician
Installs, maintains, and repairs electrical wiring, fixtures, and systems in buildings.
Wiring houses or commercial buildings
Installing sockets, switches, lighting, and breakers
Troubleshooting electrical faults
Following safety codes and regulations
Electrical Engineer
Designs, develops, and oversees the production and maintenance of electrical systems and equipment.
Creating electrical system designs and schematics
Managing large-scale projects (e.g., power stations, control systems)
Working on electronics, communications, or power generation
Performing simulations and system analysis
Power System Technician
Maintains and troubleshoots the power distribution system (grids, substations, transformers).
Testing and repairing electrical power systems Performing preventative maintenance on transformers, switchgear, etc.
Supporting emergency response for outages
Working under high-voltage safety procedures
Electrical Drafter
Prepares detailed technical drawings and diagrams used in the design and installation of electrical systems
Using AutoCAD or CAD software Drafting layouts for wiring, circuits, panels
Collaborating with engineers and technicians
Updating blueprints and technical documents
Power Plant Operator
Operates and controls machines that generate electricity in power plants.
Monitoring equipment like turbines, boilers, and generators
Adjusting output to match electricity demand
Recording data and maintaining safety standards
Starting or shutting down equipment during emergencies
Renewable Energy Technician
Installs and maintains renewable energy systems like solar panels, wind turbines, and batteries.
Installing solar PV systems on rooftops or fields
Servicing wind turbine components
Monitoring system performance
Performing routine inspections and repairs
Electrical Inspector
Ensures that electrical installations and systems comply with safety codes and standards.
Inspecting new or modified electrical work
Writing inspection reports and issuing approvals
Identifying code violations
Advising electricians or contractors on corrective actions
Control Systems Technician
Maintains and repairs automated control systems in industrial or commercial settings.
Programming and calibrating PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers)
Troubleshooting sensors, actuators, and control loops
Supporting process automation in factories or power stations
Maintaining system performance and uptime
Instrumentation Technician
Installs and maintains measuring and monitoring devices used in industrial processes.
Calibrating pressure, flow, temperature, and level instruments
Maintaining instrumentation in oil & gas, power plants, or manufacturing
Performing diagnostics and documentation Ensuring accuracy and reliability of measurement systems Smart Grid Technician
Maintains and installs advanced electrical grid technologies, including smart meters, sensors, and automated systems.
Installing smart meters and remote monitoring devices
Supporting real-time data systems and grid automation
Troubleshooting smart grid communications and software
Enhancing grid reliability and energy efficiency
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